What commonly causes split ends in hair?

Split ends, also known technically as trichoptilosis, occur when the protective outer layer of the hair cuticle becomes damaged or worn away, leading to fraying of the hair shaft. The condition is primarily caused by a lack of moisture combined with over-processing of hair.

When hair lacks moisture, it becomes dry and brittle, making it more susceptible to breakage. This can happen due to environmental factors such as sun exposure, humidity, and harsh weather, but also from chemical processes like coloring, perming, and excessive heat styling. Over-processing strips the hair of its natural oils and moisture, weakening it and leading to split ends. Therefore, a balanced approach to moisture and avoiding too many chemical treatments are crucial for maintaining healthy hair and preventing split ends.

In contrast, excessive moisture can lead to frizz rather than split ends, regular haircuts help prevent split ends from progressing but do not cause them, and using natural oils is typically beneficial for nourishing and protecting the hair.