What is the primary purpose of using a base coat in nail application?

The primary purpose of using a base coat in nail application is to protect nails from staining. Base coats create a barrier between the natural nail and the colored polish, which helps prevent the pigments in the nail color from absorbing into the nail plate. This is especially important for darker or highly pigmented polishes that can leave discoloration on the nails. By using a base coat, the integrity of the natural nails is maintained, helping to keep them healthy and free from discoloration, while also ensuring that the nail polish goes on more smoothly.

Enhancing color depth is a secondary effect that can occur with the application of a base coat, but it is not its main purpose. The glossy finish is typically provided by a top coat rather than a base coat. While some base coats may help with drying times, this is not their fundamental role. Therefore, the protective qualities of a base coat are what make it essential in the nail application process.