What is the process by which hair is curled using heated rods called?

The process by which hair is curled using heated rods is known as a hot perm. This technique involves the application of heat to the hair wrapped around the rods, allowing the hair to undergo a chemical change that sets it into a new curl pattern.

Hot perms utilize a specific kind of perm solution that, along with the heat, breaks down the natural structure of the hair, enabling it to reshape when cooled. This method typically results in stronger, longer-lasting curls compared to cool perm processes, which do not use heat.

The distinction from cold perming, which is often referred to simply as a perm, lies in the absence of heat in that process, relying solely on the chemical solution to facilitate the curl formation. The choices labeled as setting and flat iron refer to different styling techniques—setting is about securing styles with products or tools after curling, while a flat iron is used for straightening hair rather than curling.